{"id":106259,"date":"2021-02-03T08:40:24","date_gmt":"2021-02-03T14:40:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/25159-2\/"},"modified":"2025-10-09T16:43:19","modified_gmt":"2025-10-09T16:43:19","slug":"material-and-nonmaterial-culture-symbols","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/material-and-nonmaterial-culture-symbols\/","title":{"rendered":"Common Culture of the U.S. Air Force, Thailand, and Illinois"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>What do the U.S. Air Force, the nation of Thailand, and the state of Illinois have in common? While your initial thought is probably that they are holding some joint military training exercise, that answer isn\u2019t correct. These three groups all highlight one aspect of <strong>culture<\/strong>, <em>the socially learned and shared ideas, behaviors, and material components of a society<\/em>. Society cannot exist without culture, and culture cannot exist without a society to maintain it. Yet, culture is not a monolith. It isn\u2019t a single thing that is unwavering like a giant stone. Culture has different parts and categories that change over time depending on the beliefs and values of those in the society. Culture includes <em>the physical artifacts that represent components of society,<\/em> also known as <strong>material culture<\/strong>, as well as <strong>nonmaterial culture,<\/strong> which consists of <em>the ideas and symbols that represent components of society<\/em>. Often, both the material and nonmaterial aspects of culture are just different sides of the same coin. For example, while the ideal of democracy that governs American society is a nonmaterial culture, the voting machines used in the process of democracy are material culture. With this in mind, let\u2019s take a few moments to consider one aspect of culture associated with the U.S. Air Force, the nation of Thailand, and the state of Illinois.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-109816 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/02\/800px-USMC-16927-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"A woman in a military uniform and hair style fixing another woman\u2019s hair into a slicked bun.\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/02\/800px-USMC-16927-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/02\/800px-USMC-16927-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/02\/800px-USMC-16927.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The U.S. Air Force has changed their <a href=\"https:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/GMA\/Style\/us-air-force-hair-requirements-women\/story?id=75429285\">long-standing rules about how women can wear their hair<\/a>. Whereas in the past, women (see photo) were required to wear their hair in ways that were potentially damaging, painful, or resulted in hair loss, now, women are being given more flexibility. Bangs, braids, and ponytails are now acceptable for women in the Air Force. Why is this about culture, you ask? Because there are cultural differences that exist in how people wear their hair. These differences are closely tied to the hair texture of different races and ethnic groups. The Air Force\u2019s previous rules were accommodating to the hair texture of White members and didn\u2019t take into consideration the implications of the rules on Black or Brown members whose hair texture is completely different. Interestingly, this change reflects broader changes to the <strong>law<\/strong>, <em>formal and legal rules enforced by the state<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2020\/03\/05\/us\/virginia-ban-hair-discrimination-bill-trnd\/index.html\">Four states have implemented legislation that bans discrimination based on natural hairstyle<\/a>, and dozens of others are considering taking such action. Culture is not just language, religion, or food preferences. It is also something as personal as how you wear your hair.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-109818 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/02\/Royal_Thai_Police_Isuzu_NKR_31-8286-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"A Royal Thai Police black and white Isuzu truck.\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/02\/Royal_Thai_Police_Isuzu_NKR_31-8286-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/02\/Royal_Thai_Police_Isuzu_NKR_31-8286-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/02\/Royal_Thai_Police_Isuzu_NKR_31-8286.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Laws fall under the rubric of nonmaterial culture. They are <strong>norms<\/strong>, <em>established guidelines, and expectations of behavior<\/em>, that are formalized in a society. While we often assume that there is universality with norms, one look at the laws around the world indicates otherwise. For example, in Thailand, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-thailand-king-insult\/thai-woman-sentenced-to-43-years-in-jail-for-insulting-monarchy-idUSKBN29O15H\">Anchan Preelert, a 65-year-old woman, has been sentenced to 43 years in jail<\/a>. Her crime? Insulting the royal family by sharing less-than-flattering comments about them on YouTube and Facebook. Preelert was sentenced under Thailand\u2019s strict \u201clese majeste\u201d law, which prohibits citizens from insulting the monarchy. This tells us that culture is local. It is specific to a region, state, or country. The lese majeste laws do not exist with the British or Spanish Monarchies. The cultural norms in one part of the world may be very different from those in another part of the world.<\/p>\n<p>Laws can change. They reflect the beliefs and values of the society at the time they were enacted. Historically, in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/weird-us-laws#in-florida-you-cant-wear-masks-or-hoods-covering-the-face-in-public-4\">U.S., the state of Florida had a law against wearing a mask or hood in public<\/a>. While this 1951 law might have made sense back when terrorist attacks by hood-wearing members of the KKK were commonplace, today, with the specter of COVID-19, mask-wearing is now encouraged, if not required. The change in the law in the state of Illinois illustrates how laws can have sweeping implications for members of society. On December 31, Illinois Governor JB Pritzker <a href=\"https:\/\/wgem.com\/2020\/12\/31\/nearly-500k-marijuana-arrest-records-expunged-in-illinois\/\">expunged the records of nearly 500,000 people who were previously arrested for non-felony marijuana possession<\/a>. Five hundred thousand people. That is equivalent to the population of Atlanta, Georgia. The governor\u2019s actions were part of the 2019 Cannabis Regulation and Tax Act (CRTA) designed to increase equity in cannabis policing because, historically, minorities in the state were disproportionality targeted by law enforcement for marijuana possession. The result was that hundreds of thousands of Black and Brown residents had a criminal record that impeded their full participation in society even though Whites who engaged in the same behavior were not being policed or arrested.<\/p>\n<p>Depending on their application, the laws of a society can be used to discriminate or protect people from discrimination. They can represent the highest of ideals, or they can control the voice of decent. If you know the laws of a society and how they are applied, you know what the people of that society believe and what they value.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"s1\"><b><i>Thompson is a co-owner of\u00a0<\/i><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/uitac.com\/\"><span class=\"s2\"><b><i>UITAC Publishing<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/a><b><i>. UITAC\u2019s mission is to provide high-quality, affordable, and socially responsible online course materials.<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">Images used in this blog:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Royal_Thai_Police_Isuzu_NKR_31-8286.jpg\">Royal Thai Police Isuzu<\/a>\u201d by <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/User:Mattes\">Mattes<\/a> is licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/deed.en\">CC BY-SA 3.0<\/a>. This image has not been altered.<\/li>\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:USMC-16927.jpg\">USMC-16927<\/a>\u201d by Staff Sgt. Clinton Firstbrook. This image has not been altered.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What do the U.S. Air Force, the nation of Thailand, and the state of Illinois have in common? While your initial thought is probably that they are holding some joint military training exercise, that answer isn\u2019t correct. These three groups all highlight one aspect of culture, the socially learned and shared ideas, behaviors, and material [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":109816,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[55,186,183,178,185],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-106259","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-culture","category-deviance-and-crime","category-environmental-sociology","category-gender-and-sexuality","category-population"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Common Culture of the U.S. Air Force, Thailand, and Illinois - In The NEWS Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Unpack the cultural shifts in the U.S. Air Force, Thailand, and Illinois, revealing changes in values, laws, and norms in society.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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