{"id":106279,"date":"2021-11-02T21:21:13","date_gmt":"2021-11-03T02:21:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/imperfections-of-democracy\/"},"modified":"2025-11-29T15:47:43","modified_gmt":"2025-11-29T15:47:43","slug":"political-soliology-and-election-day","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/political-soliology-and-election-day\/","title":{"rendered":"Imperfections of Democracy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-110049 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/11\/Election_Day_at_Pip_Moyer_Center_50563583698-300x240.jpg\" alt=\"A polling location on election day.\" width=\"300\" height=\"240\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/11\/Election_Day_at_Pip_Moyer_Center_50563583698-300x240.jpg 300w, https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/11\/Election_Day_at_Pip_Moyer_Center_50563583698.jpg 749w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In the United States, November 2nd is Election Day. While the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/politics\/archive\/2018\/11\/americans-dont-vote-midterms-arizona\/575002\/\">turnout for midterm elections is typically lower<\/a> than that of presidential elections, it is nonetheless consequential. From governors\u2019 races in New Jersey and Virginia to <a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/2021-election-minneapolis-cc108d1707d9cb8cbaa6135bb60e7fbd\">public safety concerns<\/a> in Minneapolis, the 2021 election has voters deciding on a range of issues and facing a plethora of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.brennancenter.org\/our-work\/research-reports\/voting-laws-roundup-october-2021\">new voting restrictions<\/a>. The events of the day fall under the rubric of <strong>political sociology<\/strong>, <em>the study of political groups, leadership, and power within society.<\/em> Let\u2019s take a moment to dive into politics from a sociological perspective and, in the process, gain a better understanding of some of the challenges associated with the democratic process.<\/p>\n<p>There are a variety of political systems around the world. Countries like Angola, Cuba, and Venezuela have <strong>dictatorships<\/strong>, a <em>form of government by which political authority is controlled by a single person or political entity<\/em>. On the other hand, Brunei, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates are examples of <strong>absolute monarchy<\/strong>, a system in which <em>the government is ruled by a monarch who has control of the government and state<\/em>. This category is different from a <strong>constitutional monarchy<\/strong> in which a monarch is the Head of State, but the country is governed by a parliament. The U.S. is one of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.statista.com\/chart\/18737\/democracy-index-world-map\/\">23 fully democratic countries<\/a> in the world. With<strong> democracy<\/strong>, <em>the power is vested in the people and free elections are held. <\/em>Elections, like the ones currently underway in the U.S., are a cornerstone of the democratic process.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-110050 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/11\/720px-How_to_Steal_an_Election_-_Gerrymandering.svg-300x240.png\" alt=\"A graphic titled &quot;How to Steal an Election&quot; that shows that the results of the election depend on how districts in the 50 precincts are divided.\" width=\"300\" height=\"240\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/11\/720px-How_to_Steal_an_Election_-_Gerrymandering.svg-300x240.png 300w, https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/11\/720px-How_to_Steal_an_Election_-_Gerrymandering.svg.png 720w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The cornerstone of democracy is not without its fissures. Splits or creaks in the political process can be found by looking at some of the controversies that have plagued the U.S. system. One of the biggest in the 21<sup>st<\/sup> century has been around the issue of <strong>redistricting<\/strong>, <em>changes in the boundaries of an electoral voting district.<\/em> Also known as gerrymandering, it involves redrawing voting district maps. On the surface, this seems like a perfectly logical thing to do periodically because of social and demographic shifts in a region or territory. Unfortunately, the political boundaries that are typically created <a href=\"https:\/\/www.brennancenter.org\/our-work\/research-reports\/gerrymandering-explained\">through redistricting usually benefit one political party over another<\/a> or one group of people at the expense of another.<\/p>\n<p>Efforts to restrict who can participate in the political process are not new. Historically, before minorities could cast their vote, they had to pay a <strong>poll tax<\/strong>, a <em>fee members of the electorate must pay in order to participate in the voting process.<\/em> These fees were levied against persons of color as part of a system of institutional racism and voter suppression. In 1964, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/kellyphillipserb\/2018\/11\/05\/just-before-the-elections-a-history-of-the-poll-tax-in-america\/?sh=22f2cd5d4e44\">24<sup>th<\/sup> Amendment to the U.S. Constitution made poll taxes illegal<\/a>. Attempts at voter disenfranchisement through poll taxes still exist in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/09\/11\/us\/florida-felon-voting-rights.html\">Florida, where ex-felons \u2014 who are overwhelmingly minorities \u2014 must pay a fee<\/a> before being allowed to participate in the political process.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-110051 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/11\/No_Lobbyists_Beyond_This_Point-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"A sign posted to a wall that says &quot;no lobbying beyond this point.&quot;\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/11\/No_Lobbyists_Beyond_This_Point-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/11\/No_Lobbyists_Beyond_This_Point-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/11\/No_Lobbyists_Beyond_This_Point.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Many contend that one way to improve the democratic process would be to ban <strong>lobbying,<\/strong> a process involving <em>individuals who persuade legislators to vote for a special interest of their group.<\/em> Lobbying is used by large groups and corporations to push politicians toward their particular agenda. Examples of groups that use lobbyists include the National Rifle Association (NRA), the American Association of Retired Persons (AARP), and the American Medical Association (AMA). Corporations that use lobbyists include <a href=\"https:\/\/www.seattletimes.com\/business\/facebook-amazon-edge-out-other-corporate-giants-in-lobby-spend\/\">Amazon, Facebook, and Lockheed Martin<\/a>, just to name a few. The amount of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.opensecrets.org\/federal-lobbying\/top-spenders\">money spent by groups and corporations through lobbying<\/a> is staggering, with groups like the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and the National Association of Realtors spending $46 million and $32 million annually. Not surprisingly, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncsl.org\/bookstore\/state-legislatures-magazine\/yes-no-maybe-so-what-s-un-ethical-about-lobbying.aspx\">60% of Americans view lobbyists as having low ethics.<\/a> These concerns are magnified when one realizes that sometimes <a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanprogress.org\/issues\/democracy\/reports\/2018\/04\/25\/448596\/ban-lobbyists-fundraising-politicians\/\">lobbyists fundraise for the election of politicians<\/a> they will eventually be soliciting for favors.<\/p>\n<p>Fundamentally, the success of the democratic process is based on citizen <strong>political participation<\/strong>, <em>actions to support government or politicians.<\/em> Redistricting, poll taxes, and lobbying are just a few of the ways in which confidence in the democratic process is routinely challenged. In order for voters in the society to believe in the system, they must see that political leaders support democratic principles in both theory and practice.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"s1\"><b><i>Thompson is a co-owner of\u00a0<\/i><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/uitac.com\/\"><span class=\"s2\"><b><i>UITAC Publishing<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/a><b><i>. UITAC\u2019s mission is to provide high-quality, affordable, and socially responsible online course materials.<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\">Images used in this blog:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Election_Day_at_Pip_Moyer_Center_(50563583698).jpg\">Election Day at Pip Moyer Center<\/a>&#8221; by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/people\/64018555@N03\">Maryland Gov Pics<\/a> is licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/people\/64018555@N03\">CC BY 2.0<\/a>. This image has not been altered.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:How_to_Steal_an_Election_-_Gerrymandering.svg\">How to Steal an Election &#8211; Gerrymandering<\/a>&#8221; by <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/User_talk:Stevenass\">Steve Nass<\/a> is licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>. This image has not been altered.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_Lobbyists_Beyond_This_Point.jpg\">No Lobbyists Beyond This Point<\/a>&#8221; by Daniel Huizinga is licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/deed.en\">CC BY 2.0<\/a>. This image has not been altered.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the United States, November 2nd is Election Day. While the turnout for midterm elections is typically lower than that of presidential elections, it is nonetheless consequential. From governors\u2019 races in New Jersey and Virginia to public safety concerns in Minneapolis, the 2021 election has voters deciding on a range of issues and facing a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":110049,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[183,76,185,75],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-106279","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environmental-sociology","category-political-sociology","category-population","category-race-and-ethnicity"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Imperfections of Democracy - In The NEWS Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Explore political sociology: elections, gerrymandering, voter suppression (poll taxes), lobbying, and political participation in the U.S.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/political-soliology-and-election-day\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Imperfections of Democracy - In The NEWS Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Explore political sociology: elections, gerrymandering, voter suppression (poll taxes), lobbying, and political participation in the U.S.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/political-soliology-and-election-day\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"In The NEWS Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-11-03T02:21:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-11-29T15:47:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/11\/Election_Day_at_Pip_Moyer_Center_50563583698.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"749\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"599\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Angela Thompson, Ph.D\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@uitacpublishing\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@uitacpublishing\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Angela Thompson, Ph.D\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/political-soliology-and-election-day\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/political-soliology-and-election-day\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Angela Thompson, Ph.D\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/57e6677d37133017c879133bcd14b7c7\"},\"headline\":\"Imperfections of Democracy\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-11-03T02:21:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-11-29T15:47:43+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/political-soliology-and-election-day\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":784,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/political-soliology-and-election-day\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/8\\\/2021\\\/11\\\/Election_Day_at_Pip_Moyer_Center_50563583698.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Environmental Sociology\",\"Political Sociology\",\"Population\",\"Race and Ethnicity\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/political-soliology-and-election-day\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/political-soliology-and-election-day\\\/\",\"name\":\"Imperfections of Democracy - In The NEWS Blog\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/political-soliology-and-election-day\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/political-soliology-and-election-day\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/8\\\/2021\\\/11\\\/Election_Day_at_Pip_Moyer_Center_50563583698.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-11-03T02:21:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-11-29T15:47:43+00:00\",\"description\":\"Explore political sociology: elections, gerrymandering, voter suppression (poll taxes), lobbying, and political participation in the U.S.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/political-soliology-and-election-day\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/political-soliology-and-election-day\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/political-soliology-and-election-day\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/8\\\/2021\\\/11\\\/Election_Day_at_Pip_Moyer_Center_50563583698.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/8\\\/2021\\\/11\\\/Election_Day_at_Pip_Moyer_Center_50563583698.jpg\",\"width\":749,\"height\":599,\"caption\":\"Inside of a polling location on election day.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/political-soliology-and-election-day\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Imperfections of Democracy\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/\",\"name\":\"In The NEWS Blog\",\"description\":\"UITAC Blog\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"In The NEWS Blog\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/8\\\/2021\\\/01\\\/inthenewsblog-1.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/8\\\/2021\\\/01\\\/inthenewsblog-1.svg\",\"width\":1136,\"height\":394,\"caption\":\"In The NEWS Blog\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/uitacpublishing\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/company\\\/uitac-publishing\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/@UITACScholar\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/UITACPublishing\\\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/57e6677d37133017c879133bcd14b7c7\",\"name\":\"Angela Thompson, Ph.D\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/b14155c7fd3643e40dbcd78b9fa432d7364d5ac83fab3acdb84d11a3b28d3cfa?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/b14155c7fd3643e40dbcd78b9fa432d7364d5ac83fab3acdb84d11a3b28d3cfa?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/b14155c7fd3643e40dbcd78b9fa432d7364d5ac83fab3acdb84d11a3b28d3cfa?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Angela Thompson, Ph.D\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uitac.com\\\/inthenewsblog\\\/author\\\/angela\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Imperfections of Democracy - In The NEWS Blog","description":"Explore political sociology: elections, gerrymandering, voter suppression (poll taxes), lobbying, and political participation in the U.S.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/political-soliology-and-election-day\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Imperfections of Democracy - In The NEWS Blog","og_description":"Explore political sociology: elections, gerrymandering, voter suppression (poll taxes), lobbying, and political participation in the U.S.","og_url":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/political-soliology-and-election-day\/","og_site_name":"In The NEWS Blog","article_published_time":"2021-11-03T02:21:13+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-11-29T15:47:43+00:00","og_image":[{"width":749,"height":599,"url":"http:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/11\/Election_Day_at_Pip_Moyer_Center_50563583698.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Angela Thompson, Ph.D","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@uitacpublishing","twitter_site":"@uitacpublishing","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Angela Thompson, Ph.D","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/political-soliology-and-election-day\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/political-soliology-and-election-day\/"},"author":{"name":"Angela Thompson, Ph.D","@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/#\/schema\/person\/57e6677d37133017c879133bcd14b7c7"},"headline":"Imperfections of Democracy","datePublished":"2021-11-03T02:21:13+00:00","dateModified":"2025-11-29T15:47:43+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/political-soliology-and-election-day\/"},"wordCount":784,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/political-soliology-and-election-day\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/11\/Election_Day_at_Pip_Moyer_Center_50563583698.jpg","articleSection":["Environmental Sociology","Political Sociology","Population","Race and Ethnicity"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/political-soliology-and-election-day\/","url":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/political-soliology-and-election-day\/","name":"Imperfections of Democracy - In The NEWS Blog","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/political-soliology-and-election-day\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/political-soliology-and-election-day\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/11\/Election_Day_at_Pip_Moyer_Center_50563583698.jpg","datePublished":"2021-11-03T02:21:13+00:00","dateModified":"2025-11-29T15:47:43+00:00","description":"Explore political sociology: elections, gerrymandering, voter suppression (poll taxes), lobbying, and political participation in the U.S.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/political-soliology-and-election-day\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/political-soliology-and-election-day\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/political-soliology-and-election-day\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/11\/Election_Day_at_Pip_Moyer_Center_50563583698.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/11\/Election_Day_at_Pip_Moyer_Center_50563583698.jpg","width":749,"height":599,"caption":"Inside of a polling location on election day."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/political-soliology-and-election-day\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Imperfections of Democracy"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/","name":"In The NEWS Blog","description":"UITAC Blog","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/#organization","name":"In The NEWS Blog","url":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/01\/inthenewsblog-1.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/01\/inthenewsblog-1.svg","width":1136,"height":394,"caption":"In The NEWS Blog"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/x.com\/uitacpublishing","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/uitac-publishing\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@UITACScholar","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/UITACPublishing\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/#\/schema\/person\/57e6677d37133017c879133bcd14b7c7","name":"Angela Thompson, Ph.D","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b14155c7fd3643e40dbcd78b9fa432d7364d5ac83fab3acdb84d11a3b28d3cfa?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b14155c7fd3643e40dbcd78b9fa432d7364d5ac83fab3acdb84d11a3b28d3cfa?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b14155c7fd3643e40dbcd78b9fa432d7364d5ac83fab3acdb84d11a3b28d3cfa?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Angela Thompson, Ph.D"},"url":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/author\/angela\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106279","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/30"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=106279"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106279\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":108080,"href":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106279\/revisions\/108080"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/110049"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=106279"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=106279"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uitac.com\/inthenewsblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=106279"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}